Storage
Instead of utilization, CO2 can be permanently stored through injection into wells, such as depleted oil or gas reservoirs, coal beds or saline aquifers, or stored through mineral carbonation, which creates a solid carbonate form. Permanent sequestration in offshore depleted wells and sedimentary basins will also require the shipping industry’s carrying capacity.
Transportation
Once the CO2 is conditioned, it can be transported as a gas through pipelines and as a liquid through ships (LCO2 carriers), motor carriers and railways to storage facilities or directly be utilized.
Click each dot on the graphic to learn more about carbon capture.
Land-Based Carbon Capture
Captures CO2 from point sources like power plants or industrial hard-to-abate facilities. Various chemical processes are used to minimize CO2 from the emissions stream, which is then compressed and transported for use or storage.
Onboard Carbon Capture
By capturing CO2 emissions from ships' exhaust gases or with hybrid methods during pre-combustion, OCCS prevents or minimizes the release into the atmosphere.
Direct Air Capture (DAC)
Removes CO2 directly from the ambient air using advanced air filtration systems. The captured CO2 can then be compressed, transported, and used or stored. DAC can be deployed anywhere, unlike CCUS, which requires proximity to emission sources.
Utilization
CO2 is currently being reused as a key input in fertilizer, brewing and food industries. Also, it is used extensively in wells to enhance oil recovery.
