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Here's how the drugs are designed to cross the barrier:

Blood vessel

Blood cell

Endothelial cell

Brain cell

Brain

Blood

BBB

Transferrin

Receptors

Receptor

Transferrin

BBB

ATV

3

2

1

One in three people aged 65 or over in the US die with Alzheimer's or another form of dementia.

The brain’s blood vessels are lined with endothelial cells, a key component  of the barrier that restricts which molecules enter the brain.

Transferrin is a naturally-occurring protein that carries iron into the brain by binding to transferrin receptors

If Denali’s drugs are successful, millions of people affected by diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and ALS could have access to effective treatments.

Denali's small molecule drugs use ‘transport vehicles’ such as antibodies (ATVs) or enzymes (ETVs) to bind to transferrin receptors, effectively sneaking through drugs that would otherwise be blocked.