Produced by our property specialists, our International Real Estate Guide covers headline economic data, rental values for the office and industrial sectors, and leasing and purchasing costs for key commercial property locations across the world.
Our International Real Estate Guide includes an interactive map containing essential real estate information for each country.
Exchange Rate
Sources
Key
WORLD MAP
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Country Information
Prime Rents
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
Toronto: $533
Montreal: $415
Vancouver: $487
Ottawa: $348
Toronto: $50
Montreal: $39
Vancouver: $45
Ottawa: $32
Toronto: $141
Montreal: $119
Vancouver: $190
Ottawa: $156
Toronto: $16
Montreal: $13
Vancouver: $18
Ottawa: $14
Lease
Purchase
Currency
Population
Annual Population Growth
Capital
City
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Canadian Dollar
'CAD'
38,794,813
$55,900
0.71%
12
Ottawa
Broker
5% of gross rent for year 1 - 3,
2.5% of gross rent for remainder of lease term (paid by landlord)
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
1 - 3% of sale price
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies per municipality
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5 - 10
Rent Quoted in
CAD/sqft/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
1 - 2
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
Market
Frequency of Review
Upon renewal
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Negotiable
Restoration
Negotiable
CCI Cost of Construction Index
CLI Cost of Living Index
CPR Corruption Perception Ranking, (least corrupt=1)
CPI Consumer Price Index
OMR Open Market Review
Central Intelligence Agency www.cia.gov
Exchange Rates www.oanda.com
CPR www.transparency.org
Rates as at February 2024
Exchange Rate 1 USD to local currency
Canadian Dollar 'CAD' 1.453
Mexican Peso 'MXN' 20.679
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Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 - 5 or 5 - 10
Rent Quoted in
USD/sqft/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
1 - 3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
Market
Frequency of Review
Annual or prior to
lease expiration
Building Insurance
Landlord & Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant pays increases
Subleasing/Assignment
Negotiable
Restoration
Negotiable
Country Information
Currency
US Dollar 'USD'
341,963,408
$74,600
28
Washington DC
0.67%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
4% up to 10 years
(paid by landlord)
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
1 - 6%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0.1 - 1.28%
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
NYC: $1,030
LA: $570
Chicago: $545
Dallas: $457
Houston: $441
Detroit: $307
Washington DC: $678
NYC: $96
LA: $53
Chicago: $51
Dallas: $43
Houston: $41
Detroit: $29
Washington DC: $63
NYC: $323
LA: $226
Chicago: $80
Dallas: $97
Houston: $96
Detroit: $81
Washington DC: $170
NYC: $30
LA: $21
Chicago: $7
Dallas: $9
Houston: $9
Detroit: $8
Washington DC: $16
Prime Rents
USA
Canada
Mexico
USA
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 - 5 or 5 - 10
Rent Quoted in
MXN/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
1 - 2
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
Mexican Inflation (INPC)
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Negotiable
Restoration
Negotiable
Country Information
Currency
Mexican Peso 'MXN'
130,739,927
$22,100
140
Mexico City
0.72%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
4 - 5% on year 1 - 5, 2 - 2.5% of remaining term up to 10 years
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
4 - 5%
Lawyer
0.5 - 1%
Stamp Duty
2% transfer tax
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
Mexico City:
$350
Monterrey:
$327
Mexico City:
$33
Monterrey:
$30
Mexico City:
$110
Monterrey:
$80
Mexico City:
$10
Monterrey:
$7
Prime Rents
India
Australia
China
Japan
Indonesia
New Zealand
Malaysia
Taiwan
Singapore
Thailand
Vietnam
South Korea
Philippines
Hong Kong
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5 - 10
Rent Quoted in
AUD/sqm/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
6 - 12
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI or Fixed 4 - 5%
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Australian Dollar
'AUD'
26,768,598
$59,600
10
Canberra
1.13%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
11 - 16%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
1 - 2%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
Perth: $435
Brisbane: $453
Sydney: $855
Melbourne: $461
Perth: $40
Brisbane: $42
Sydney: $79
Melbourne: $43
Perth: $97
Brisbane: $109
Sydney: $173
Melbourne: $100
Perth: $9
Brisbane: $10
Sydney: $16
Melbourne: $9
Prime Rents
Australia
Australia
Australia
Australia
* Building insurance and property taxes paid by landlord but recovered from tenant
Sources
Exchange Rate
Key
CCI Cost of Construction Index
CLI Cost of Living Index
CPR Corruption Perception Ranking, (least corrupt=1)
CPI Consumer Price Index
OMR Open Market Review
Central Intelligence Agency www.cia.gov
Exchange Rates www.oanda.com
CPR www.transparency.org
New Zealand Dollar 'NZD' 1.774
Philippine Peso 'PHP' 58.421
Singapore Dollar 'SGD' 1.358
Taiwan Dollar 'TWD' 33.007
Thai Baht 'THB' 33.713
Rates as at February 2025
Exchange Rate 1 USD to local currency
Australian Dollar 'AUD' 1.608
Chinese Yuan Renmibi 'CNY' 7.251
Hong Kong Dollar 'HKD' 7.792
Indian Rupee 'INR' 86.571
Indonesian Rupiah 'IDR' 16305.281
Japanese Yen 'JPY' 155.184
Korean Won 'KRW' 1456.138
Malaysian Ringgit 'MYR' 4.455
China Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 - 5
Rent Quoted in
RMB/sqm/month or
RMB/sqm/day (varies by location)
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly or Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes for std lease,
no for fixed term lease
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
2 - 3 years
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
China Country Information
Currency
Chinese Renmibi
'RMB'
1,416,043,270
$22,100
76
Beijing
0.23%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
China Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33 - 12.5%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0.03 - 2%
Broker
1 - 1.5%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0.03 - 1%
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
Beijing: $485
Shanghai: $397
Guangzhou: $235
Shenzhen: $283
Beijing: $51
Shanghai: $42
Guangzhou: $24
Shenzhen: $29
Beijing: $89
Shanghai: $79
Guangzhou: $76
Shenzhen: $84
Beijing: $8
Shanghai: $7
Guangzhou: $7
Shenzhen: $8
China Prime Rents
Hong Kong Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 - 6
Rent Quoted in
HKD/sqft/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
2 - 3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
Every 3 years
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Hong Kong Country Information
Currency
Hong Kong Dollar
'HKD'
7,297,821
$64,500
17
Hong Kong
0.12%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Hong Kong Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33 - 17%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1% + HKD 5
Broker
1%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0 - 3.75%
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$1,000
$93
$259
$24
Hong Kong Prime Rents
India Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 + 3 + 3 or 5 + 5 + 5
Rent Quoted in
INR/sqft/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
6 - 15
Statutory Renewal Rights
No but negotiable where
fixed renewal rights
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
Annual or every 3 years depending on lease
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
India Country Information
Currency
Indian Rupee
'INR'
1,409,128,296
$9,200
96
New Delhi
0.72%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
India Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
17%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1 - 10%
Broker
1 - 4%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
3 - 15%
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
New Delhi: $522
Mumbai: $495
Bengaluru: $291
New Delhi: $48
Mumbai: $46
Bengaluru: $27
New Delhi $49
Mumbai: $67
Bengaluru: $44
New Delhi $5
Mumbai: $6
Bengaluru: $4
India Prime Rents
Indonesia Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
2 - 3
Rent Quoted in
IDR/sqm/month
or USD/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
Every 2 years
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Indonesia Country Information
Currency
Indonesian Rupiah
'IDR'
281,562,465
$13,900
99
Jakarta
0.73%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Indonesia Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
3 - 5%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
6,000 Rupiah
Broker
2 - 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
5% of Total transaction value
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$229
$21
$67
$6
Indonesia Prime Rents
Japan Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
2 years Std or 3 - 10 fixed term
Rent Quoted in
JPY/tsubo/month
(1 tsubo=3.3 sqm)
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
12
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
Depends on type and
term of lease
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Japan Country Information
Currency
Japanese Yen
'JPY'
123,201,945
$46,200
20
Tokyo
-0.43%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Japan Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
3% + JPY 60,000
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
4% Acq. Tax + 2% Reg.
& Licence Tax
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$890
$83
$107
$10
Japan Prime Rents
Malaysia Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3
Rent Quoted in
MYR/sqft/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
None
Frequency of Review
None
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Malaysia Country Information
Currency
Malaysian Ringit
'MYR'
34,564,810
$32,800
57
Kuala Lumpur
0.99%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Malaysia Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies based on Rent
Broker
2.75%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies based on Rent
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$194
$18
$87
$8
Malaysia Prime Rents
New Zealand Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
6 - 12
Rent Quoted in
NZD/sqm/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
2 - 3 years
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
New Zealand Country Information
Currency
New Zealand Dollar
'NZD'
5,161,211
$48,800
4
Wellington
0.95%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
New Zealand Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
10 - 19%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
1.5 - 3.5%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
NZD 100 Reg Fee
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
Wellington: $409
Auckland: $384
Wellington: $38
Auckland: $36
Wellington: $117
Auckland: $121
Wellington: $11
Auckland: $11
New Zealand Prime Rents
* Insurance paid by LL and recovered from tenant
Philippines Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 - 5
Rent Quoted in
PHP/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
Annually
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Philippines Country Information
Currency
Philippine Peso
'PHP'
118,277,063
$9,900
114
Manila
1.56%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Philippines Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
12.5% for 3 years
15 - 17% for 5 years
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies based on Rent
Broker
3 - 5%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1.5%
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$240
$22
$72
$7
Philippines Prime Rents
Singapore Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3
Rent Quoted in
SGD/sqft/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly or Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
None except via rent
review clause
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Singapore Country Information
Currency
Singapore Dollar
'SGD'
6,028,459
$127,500
3
Singapore
0.87%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Singapore Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0.4% <1 years
0.8% 1 - 3 years
1.6% > 3 years
Broker
1%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1% on 180k, 2% on next 180k,
then 3% thereafter
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$1,075
$100
$171
$16
Singapore Prime Rents
South Korea Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
1 - 3
Rent Quoted in
KRW/pyung/month
(1 pyung = 3.3 sqm)
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
10
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI or Fixed 4 - 5%
Frequency of Review
Annually
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
South Korea Country Information
Currency
South Korean Won
'KRW'
52,081,799
$50,600
30
Seoul
0.21%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
South Korea Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
1 - 2%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
2.4% Reg Tax &
2.2% Acq. Tax
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$315
$29
$128
$12
South Korea Prime Rents
* Building insurance and property taxes paid by landlord but recovered from tenant
Taiwan Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
2 - 3
Rent Quoted in
TWD/ping/month
(1 ping=3.3 sqm)
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
2 - 3% after 2nd year
Frequency of Review
None
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Taiwan Country Information
Currency
Taiwan Dollar
'TWD'
23,595,274
$47,800
25
Taipei
0.03%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Taiwan Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
13%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
6.0%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
6% Deed Tax and
0.1% Stamp
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$352
$33
$165
$15
Taiwan Prime Rents
Thailand Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3
Rent Quoted in
THB/sqm/month
Breaks
None
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
None
Frequency of Review
None
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Thailand Country Information
Currency
Thai Baht
'THB'
69,920,998
$21,100
107
Bangkok
0.17%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Thailand Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0.1% + 1% Registration fee
Broker
1 - 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
2% Assessed Value +
3.3% Bus. Tax
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
$377
$35
$64
$6
Thailand Prime Rents
Vietnam Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
2 - 3
Rent Quoted in
USD/sqm/month (note: rents converted and paid in VND)
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3 - 6
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
None
Frequency of Review
None
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Vietnam Country Information
Currency
Vietnamese Dong
'VND'
105,758,975
$13,500
88
Hanoi
0.89%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Vietnam Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
None
Broker
1 - 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1% Reg Fee
Prime Office
USD/sqm/year
Prime Office
USD/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
USD/sqft/year
Hanoi: $392
Ho Chi Minh City: $616
Hanoi: $36
Ho Chi Minh City: $57
Hanoi: $60
Ho Chi Minh City: $59
Hanoi: $6
Ho Chi Minh City: $5
Vietnam Prime Rents
Sources
Exchange Rate
Key
CCI Cost of Construction Index
CLI Cost of Living Index
CPR Corruption Perception Ranking, (least corrupt=1)
CPI Consumer Price Index
Central Intelligence Agency www.cia.gov
Exchange Rates www.oanda.com
CPR www.transparency.org
Polish Zloty 'PLN' 4.208
Romanian Leu 'RON' 4.970
Swedish Krona 'SEK' 11.500
Swiss Franc 'CHF' 0.944
Turkish Lira 'TRY' 36.989
Danish Krone 'DKK' 7.462
Emirati Dirham 'AED' 3.805
Hungarian Forint 'HUF' 407.590
Nigerian Naira 'NGN' 1534.310
Norwegian Krone 'NOK' 11.730
Rates as at February 2025
Exchange Rate 1 EUR to local currrency
British Pound 'GBP' 0.836
Bulgarian Lev 'BGL' 1.956
Czech Koruna 'CZK' 25.186
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5 or 5 – 10
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3 – 6
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Negotiable
Restoration
Negotiable
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
8,967,982
$65,000
25
Vienna
0.30%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
25%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1%
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
0.5 – 1%
Stamp Duty
3.5% plus 1.1% Registry
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€348
€32
€88
€8
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
9
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/year
Breaks
Typically every 3 years
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly but Monthly also now common
Deposit (months’ rent)
6
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
HI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
11,977,634
$64,200
22
Brussels
0.53%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Registration on cost of tenants (0.2% on rent + charges for time committed)
Broker
1.5 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed (+21% VAT)
Stamp Duty
10 – 12.5%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 390
€ 36
€68
€6
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Varies
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Bulgarian Lev
'BGL'
6,782,659
$33,400
76
Sofia
-0.66%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
8 – 12.5%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 208
€19
€ 67
€6
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5 but now 2 – 3 common
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly but Monthly
also now common
Deposit (months’ rent)
3 – 6
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
EI – but fixed sometimes
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
N/A
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Czech Koruna
'CZK'
10,837,890
$49,700
46
Prague
0.04%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
4%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 350
€ 33
€96
€9
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
DKK/sqm/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly or Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
6
Statutory Renewal Rights
No (Contract runs until
notice is given)
Basis of Rent Review
CPI – often with a
minimum of 2.5%
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
No (unless LL approval)
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Danish Krone
'DKK'
5,973,136
$72,100
1
Copenhagen
0.44%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
€200 + 0.6%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 313
€ 29
€ 98
€9
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
5,626,414
$57,100
2
Helsinki
0.20%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
8 – 14%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1.6 – 4%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 540
€ 50
€ 161
€ 15
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
9
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/year
Breaks
Every 3 years
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
CCI or ILAT consumer index
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
No (unless LL approval)
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
68,374,591
$55,400
25
Paris
0.20%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
15 – 30%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 5%
Lawyer
Notary – up to 0.825%
Stamp Duty
5.09%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 1,150
€ 107
€80
€7
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5 + 5 Year option to renew
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No – option to renew for
5 years
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Landlord*
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
84,119,100
$63,600
15
Berlin
-0.12%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
20 – 25%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
3 – 6%
Lawyer
1 – 1.5%
Stamp Duty
Berlin: 6%. Frankfurt (Hesse): 5%
Munich (Bavaria): 3.5%.
Hamburg: 4.5%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
Berlin:
€552
Frankfurt:
€582
Munich:
€636
Berlin:
€51
Frankfurt:
€54
Munich:
€59
Berlin:
€94
Frankfurt:
€98
Munich:
€136
Berlin:
€9
Frankfurt:
€9
Munich:
€13
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
12
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
After 2 years
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
2
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
CPI + 1 – 2%
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Negotiable
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
10,461,091
$36,900
59
Athens
-0.35%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1.5 – 2%
Lawyer
1%
Stamp Duty
3%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 379
€ 35
€67
€6
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly or Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes (subject to contract)
Basis of Rent Review
EI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Hungarian Forint
'HUF'
9,855,745
$40,500
82
Budapest
-0.28%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
1%
Stamp Duty
4% on price up to €3.33M, 2% on anything above. Shall not exceed €665k
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 306
€28
€ 71
€ 7
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5 – 10
Rent Quoted in
€/sqft/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
0 – 6
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes (option to opt out)
Basis of Rent Review
OMR - Upward or Downward
Frequency of Review
Every 5 years
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
5,233,461
$114,900
10
Dublin
0.93%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Minimal
Broker
1 – 2%
Lawyer
1%
Stamp Duty
2%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 700
€65
€ 147
€ 14
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
6 + 6
Rent Quoted in
€/sqft/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
75% of increase in CLI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
No (yes for intragroup)
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
60,964,931
$53,300
52
Rome
-0.08%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies
Broker
1 – 2.5%
Lawyer
0.4 – 0.6%
Notary fees: 0.2 – 0.5%
Stamp Duty
4%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
Milan:
€725
Rome:
€570
Milan:
€68
Rome:
€53
Milan:
€68
Rome:
€67
Milan:
€6
Rome:
€6
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
No
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
1 – 3
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
2,628,186
$46,700
32
Vilnius
-1.05%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
8%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Varies
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 246
€ 23
€69
€6
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
9
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Every 3 years
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
6
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
671,254
$132,800
5
Luxembourg
1.52%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
Luxembourg City – 10%,
Other 7%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€652
€61
€114
€11
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
17,772,378
$71,400
9
Amsterdam
0.39%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
12 – 16%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 2%
Lawyer
0.5%
Stamp Duty
6%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 570
€ 53
€ 110
€10
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5 – 10
Rent Quoted in
NOK/sqm/year
Breaks
No
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3 – 6
Statutory Renewal Rights
Not automatic but options
to renew
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
N/A
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes (with LL consent)
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Norwegian Krone
'NOK'
5,509,733
$90,500
5
Oslo
0.59%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
0.5 – 2%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
2.5%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 546
€ 51
€174
€16
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 7
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
No
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
EI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Polish Zloty
'PLN'
38,746,310
$44,400
53
Warsaw
-1.00%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
2%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 330
€ 31
€ 60
€ 6
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
No
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
1
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
75% – 100% of Inflation
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
No
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
10,207,177
$41,800
43
Lisbon
-0.14%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 1.5%
Lawyer
1 – 2%
Stamp Duty
6.5%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 338
€ 31
€ 62
€ 6
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
No
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly or Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Romanian Leu
'RON'
18,148,155
$40,700
65
Bucharest
-0.94%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
12 – 16%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0.5 – 1.5%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 258
€ 24
€ 59
€5
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5 – 7
Rent Quoted in
RUB or $/sqm/year
Breaks
No (Class A)
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
5%
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
No (unless agreed)
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Russian Ruble 'RUB'
142,320,790
$26,500
129
Moscow
-0.2%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
8.33%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€490
€46
€59
€5
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly, but negotiable
Deposit (months’ rent)
3 – 6
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
EI – but fixed sometimes
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
5,563,649
$39,300
59
Bratislava
-0.08%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 228
€ 21
€ 72
€ 7
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€/sqm/month
Breaks
No
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly
Deposit (months’ rent)
2
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord*
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Euro 'EUR'
47,280,433
$47,100
46
Madrid
0.12%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
3 – 6%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
7%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
Madrid:
€480
Barcelona:
€354
Madrid:
€45
Barcelona:
€33
Madrid:
€78
Barcelona:
€102
Madrid:
€7
Barcelona:
€9
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
SEK/sqm/year
Breaks
No
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
6 – 12
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Swedish Krona
'SEK'
10,589,835
$55,300
8
Stockholm
0.51%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
2 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
3%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 786
€73
€ 109
€ 10
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5
Rent Quoted in
CHF/sqm/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
6
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes (subject to contract)
Basis of Rent Review
CPI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Swiss Franc
'CHF'
8,860,574
$82,600
5
Bern
0.75%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
10 – 15%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
N/A
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0 – 3.3% (varies by canton)
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
Zurich:
€980
Geneva:
€1,007
Zurich:
€91
Geneva:
€94
Zurich:
€254
Geneva:
€224
Zurich:
€24
Geneva:
€21
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 – 5
Rent Quoted in
€ or $/sqm/month
Breaks
Yes
Rent Payment (in advance)
Monthly or Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
12 – 24
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
CPI or EI
Frequency of Review
Annual
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
As agreed
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
Turkish Lira
'YTL'
84,119,531
$33,100
107
Ankara
0.61%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
8 – 12%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
0.98%
Broker
1 – 3%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
4%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
€ 487
€ 45
€ 107
€ 10
Prime Rents
Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
5 – 10
Rent Quoted in
£/sqft/year
Breaks
Yes
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
3 – 12
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes (option to opt out)
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
Every 5 years
Building Insurance
Tenant
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
Country Information
Currency
British Pound
'GBP'
68,459,055
$54,500
20
London
0.45%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker
7.5 – 10%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1% of NPV if >£150,000
Broker
1 – 1.5%
Lawyer
0.5%
Stamp Duty
4% over £500,000
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
West End: €1,932
City: €1,095
Birmingham: €547
Cambridge: €721
Oxford: €837
Edinburgh: €580
Prime Rents
Denmark
Turkey
Lithuania
Austria
Slovakia
Czech Republic
United Kingdom
Finland
Sweden
Norway
Russia
Poland
Ireland
Hungary
Italy
Switzerland
Romania
Bulgaria
Greece
Spain
France
Portugal
Belgium
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Germany
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Turkey
Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland
Sweden
Sweden
Sweden
Sweden
Spain
Spain
Spain
Spain
Slovakia
Slovakia
Slovakia
Slovakia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Russia
Romania
Romania
Romania
Romania
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Portugal
Poland
Poland
Poland
Poland
Norway
Norway
Norway
Norway
Netherlands
Netherlands
Netherlands
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania
Lithuania
Italy
Italy
Italy
Italy
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Hungary
Hungary
Hungary
Hungary
Greece
Greece
Greece
Greece
Germany
Germany
Germany
Germany
France
France
France
France
Finland
Finland
Finland
Finland
Denmark
Denmark
Denmark
Denmark
Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Czech Republic
Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Bulgaria
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
Belgium
Austria
Austria
Austria
Austria
Note: measuring practises in the EU may change in line with the EN 15221-6 space and area measurement standard. * Building insurance and property taxes paid by landlord but recovered from tenant. * Insurance paid by LL and recovered from tenant.
* Building insurance and property taxes paid by landlord but recovered from tenant
* Insurance paid by LL and recovered from tenant
* Building insurance and property taxes paid by landlord but recovered from tenant
* Insurance paid by LL and recovered from tenant
West End: €190
City: €102
Birmingham: €51
Cambridge: €67
Oxford: €78
Edinburgh: €54
London Park Royal: €451
Heathrow/Slough: €322
Birmingham: €129
Cambridge: €225
Oxford: €219
Edinburgh: €161
London Park Royal: €42
Heathrow/Slough: €30
Birmingham: €12
Cambridge: €21
Oxford: €2
Edinburgh: €17
International Real Estate Guide
2025
EMAIL ME
Frederic Schneider
International Corporate Real Estate
+44 (0)7733 124489
EMAIL ME
Andrew Smith
Head of Industrial and IOS
+44 (0)7919 326085
EMAIL ME
Scott Harkness
Head of Transactions, Commercial
+44 (0)7860 360821
EMAIL ME
Sophie Davidson
Research Associate
+44 (0)7917 233948
Why Carter Jonas?
• Due diligence
• Negotiation and execution
• Financial analysis
FIND OUT MORE
Our firm at a glance
80% of our business comes from repeat clients, something we never take for granted and always work hard to protect
80%
Hover to find out more
Our firm is made up of over 1000
property experts
1000+
We have 23 equity partners
Last year, as a business, we turned over £81m
In the last year, we have sold over £1bn worth of property
£1bn
Carter Jonas was established in 1855
1855
100+
RICS registered valuers
We have 75 chartered building surveyors and project managers
75
We have advised on over 1,500 energy projects
to date
1,500+
We are 12th in the Property Week agency league table
34 offices including 9 in central London
34
DISCOVER MORE RESEARCH
ILAT Indice des loyers des activités tertiaires
EI Eurozone Inflation/ Eurostat Index
HI Health Index
OMR Open Market Review
United Arab Emirates Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 - 5
Rent Quoted in
AED/sqft/year
Breaks
Negotiable
Rent Payment (in advance)
Quarterly
Deposit (months’ rent)
5% of rent
Statutory Renewal Rights
No
Basis of Rent Review
OMR, subject to
statutory limits
Frequency of Review
Upon renewal or
subject to notice
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Tenant
Subleasing/Assignment
Yes
Restoration
Yes
United Arab Emirates Country Information
Currency
Emirati Dirham
'AED'
10,032,213
$68,600
23
Abu Dhabi
0.60%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
United Arab Emirates Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
7 - 10%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
AED 175 registration free
Broker
2%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
4% transfer fee
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
Dubai: €905
Abu Dhabi: €657
Dubai: €84
Abu Dhabi: €61
Dubai: €212
Abu Dhabi: €159
Dubai: €20
Abu Dhabi: €15
United Arab Emirates Prime Rents
United Arab Emirates
Nigeria
Nigeria Leasing Practice
Typical Lease Terms (years)
3 - 5
Rent Quoted in
NGN/sqm/year
Breaks
None
Rent Payment (in advance)
Annual
Deposit (months’ rent)
1
Statutory Renewal Rights
Yes
Basis of Rent Review
OMR
Frequency of Review
Via a rent review clause
Building Insurance
Landlord
Property Taxes
Landlord
Subleasing/Assignment
Negotiable
Restoration
Yes
Nigeria Country Information
Currency
Nigerian Naira
'NGN'
236,747,130
$5,600
140
Abuja
2.52%
Population
Annual Population Growth
Corruption Perception
Ranking
GDP
per Capita,
USD
Capital
City
Nigeria Purchase & Leasing Costs
Lease
Purchase
Broker (as % of 1st years rent)
5% of total rental payment
Lawyer
5% of total rental payment
Stamp Duty
0.78 1-7 years, 3% 7-21 years,
6% >21 years
Broker
5%
Lawyer
As agreed
Stamp Duty
1.5%
Prime Office
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Office
EUR/sqft/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqm/year
Prime Industrial
EUR/sqft/year
Lagos: €600
Lagos: €56
Lagos: €52
Lagos: €5
Nigeria Prime Rents
Our International Real Estate Guide includes an interactive map containing essential real estate information for each country.
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