Transition metals
Transition energy
Carbon pricing
Critical inputs to produce, distribute and store clean energy
Facilitates peak energy demand and bridges the gap to net zero
Discourages pollution and increases competitiveness of renewables
Clean power rewrites the rules
Find out which metals are needed
Discover the cleanest bridging fuels
Learn more about carbon pricing
Click on the images below to find out why
Transition metals
Transition energy
Carbon pricing
Transition metals
Click on an icon to see the rapid demand growth driven by increased renewable energy use.
Aluminium
+15%
Nickel
+23%
Zinc
Silver
+19%
Platinum
+48%
Cobalt
+22%
Lithium
+22%
Iron ore
+23%
Copper
+28%
+84%
Projected demand for copper 2023-2030 CAGR +23%.
Demand for copper exceeds world's supply in 2024 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 37%)
Projected demand for nickel 2023-2030 CAGR +22%.
Demand for nickel exceeds world's supply in 2028 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 14%)
Projected demand for zinc 2023-2030 CAGR +15%.
Demand for zinc exceeds world's supply in 2029 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 2%)
Projected demand for silver 2023-2030 CAGR +23%.
Demand for silver exceeds world's supply in 2024 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 109%)
Projected demand for platinum 2023-2030 CAGR +84%.
Demand for platinum exceeds world's supply in 2024 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 25%)
Projected demand for cobalt 2023-2030 CAGR +19%.
Demand for cobalt exceeds world's supply in 2026 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 28%)
Projected demand for lithium 2023-2030 CAGR +48%.
Demand for lithium exceeds world's supply in 2029 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 12%)
Projected demand for iron ore 2023-2030 CAGR +22%
Demand for iron ore exceeds world's supply in 2029 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 3%)
Source: Bank of America 2024
Transition metals
Transition energy
Carbon pricing
Demand exceeds world's supply in:
+28%
Projected deficit by 2030 is:
2024
25%
+23%
2024
37%
+22%
2028
14%
+15%
2029
2%
+23%
2024
109%
+84%
2024
25%
+19%
2026
28%
+48%
2029
12%
+22%
2029
3%
Projected demand 2023-2030 CAGR
Projected demand for aluminium 2023-2030 CAGR +28%
Demand for aluminium exceeds world's supply in 2024 (Projected deficit by 2030 is 25%)
Transition energy
Currently used primarily for road transportation, ethanol-based aviation fuel production is expected from 2025
40%
emission reduction
Corn-based ethanol
compared with gasoline and diesel2
Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, 2019
Based on lifecycle estimates. Source: Argonne National Laboratory, 2021
Source: Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, 2019
Source: International Energy Agency
Natural gas...
produces around
half the CO2
of coal when burnt to generate electricity3
and accounts for
half the CO2
20%
of global electricity generation4
Ethanol is the leading biofuel and natural gas is the least polluting hydrocarbon1
40%
Sources:
Sources:
Transition metals
Transition energy
Carbon pricing
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