Rack hubs are located near population centers or refineries and pipelines; the average volume transacted varies significantly.
Number of rack hubs
Number of rack hubs by state and Petroleum Administration of Defense Districts (PADD)¹
Fuel volume lifted
Fuel volume lifted, 2024, billion gallons per year
Gross volume growth
Gross volume growth by rack hub, 2021–24, percentile rank based on CAGR²
Fast growing hubs with
>1 billion gallons per year volume
include Atlanta, Georgia and Wilmington, Delaware
Declining growth hubs with
>1 billion gallons per year volume include Los Angeles, California and Jacksonville, Florida
Note: Excluding Alaska and Hawaii.
Dec 2024 figures projected based on Dec 2023 data adjusted for Jan 2023–Nov 2024 growth rate; adjusted by a factor of 0.8 to reflect total market volume.
Percentile rank based on 2021–24 gross volume CAGR, with most values ranging between –86% and +85%.
Source: DTN; Energy Information Agency (EIA); Oil Price Information Service (OPIS); McKinsey analysis
1
2
McKinsey & Company