T1
T1 tests findings from basic research for clinical applicability, including proof of concept, animal models and preclinical studies, and Phase 1 clinical trials that evaluate the efficacy and safety of a candidate health application.
T2
T2 assesses the value of a candidate application and establishes efficacy in humans and evidence-based clinical guidelines, including Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical trials that determine efficacy and safety of an application in larger cohorts.
T3
T3 focuses on implementing guidelines into practice, showing how interventions would work in real-time clinical settings and including Phase 4 clinical trials that monitor effectiveness and note adverse effects associated with widespread use.
T4
T4 evaluates outcomes and effectiveness across populations including assessing therapeutic value and adopting best practices.
T0
T0 identifies opportunities and approaches to health challenges within communities from research such as genome-wide association studies, and moves these findings into basic research pipelines.